{"id":34484,"date":"2021-07-29T17:27:27","date_gmt":"2021-07-29T15:27:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/landioustravel.com\/?page_id=34484"},"modified":"2021-07-29T17:27:31","modified_gmt":"2021-07-29T15:27:31","slug":"bohyne-nebthet","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/landioustravel.com\/cs\/egypt\/egyptska-bozstva\/bohyne-nebthet\/","title":{"rendered":"Bohyn\u011b Nebthet"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Staroegyptsk\u00e1 kultura uzn\u00e1v\u00e1 Nebthet, zn\u00e1m\u00e9ho tak\u00e9 jako Nebet-Het, jako mocnou bohyni. Pat\u0159ila k Velk\u00e9mu Enneadu z Heliopolisu z egyptsk\u00e9 mytologie. M\u00fdty uzn\u00e1vaj\u00ed Nephthys jako dceru <a href=\"https:\/\/landioustravel.com\/cs\/egypt\/egyptska-bozstva\/boze-geb\/\">boha Geba <\/a>a bohyn\u011b Nut. Mytologie spojuje bohyni sama s <a href=\"https:\/\/landioustravel.com\/cs\/egypt\/egyptska-bozstva\/bohyne-isis\/\">Isis<\/a>, jej\u00ed sestrou, v poh\u0159ebn\u00edch ob\u0159adech.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Oba byli ochr\u00e1nci mumi\u00ed. Nav\u00edc byla bohyn\u011b tak\u00e9 sestrou a man\u017eelkou boha Seta. Mytologie spojuje Nephthysa se smutkem, noc\u00ed, porodem, magi\u00ed, chr\u00e1mov\u00fdmi slu\u017ebami, ochranou, balzamov\u00e1n\u00edm a pivem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-ikonografie-bohyn-nebthet\">Ikonografie bohyn\u011b Nebthet<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201eNephthys\u201c se doslovn\u011b p\u0159ekl\u00e1d\u00e1 jako \u201ed\u00e1ma domu\u201c. Mnoho lid\u00ed si v minulosti spletlo doslovn\u00fd p\u0159eklad jej\u00edho jm\u00e9na a ozna\u010dilo ji za d\u00e1mu, kter\u00e1 vl\u00e1dne v dom\u00e1cnosti. Chyba se opakuje v mnoha p\u0159\u00edb\u011bz\u00edch souvisej\u00edc\u00edch s jej\u00edm bo\u017estvem. Jm\u00e9no bohyn\u011b v\u0161ak konkr\u00e9tn\u011b znamen\u00e1 \u201eLady of the Temple Enclosure\u201c. To ji p\u0159\u00edmo spojuje s rol\u00ed kn\u011b\u017eky.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Samotn\u00fd n\u00e1zev je s nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed pravd\u011bpodobnost\u00ed jen p\u0159\u00edjmen\u00edm, kter\u00e9 popisuje funkci Nephthys. Spojuje ji s jedn\u00edm konkr\u00e9tn\u00edm chr\u00e1mem nebo zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00edm egyptsk\u00fdm chr\u00e1mov\u00fdm ritu\u00e1lem. Nebthet a Isis nav\u00edc p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed monument\u00e1ln\u00ed br\u00e1nu <a href=\"https:\/\/landioustravel.com\/cs\/egypt\/egyptske-chramy\/\">staroegyptsk\u00e9ho chr\u00e1mu<\/a>. Tento vchod symbolizoval sestry a Akhety nebo horizont.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Vztahy bohyn\u011b<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Texty pyramid z p\u00e1t\u00e9 dynastie popisuj\u00ed Nephtyse jako bohyni Heliopolitan Ennead. Nephthys je sestrou <a href=\"https:\/\/landioustravel.com\/cs\/egypt\/egyptska-bozstva\/buh-osiris\/\">Osirise<\/a>, Isis a v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00e9ho <a href=\"https:\/\/landioustravel.com\/cs\/egypt\/egyptska-bozstva\/buh-set\/\">bo\u017estva Set<\/a>. Na rozd\u00edl od Isis, kter\u00e1 p\u0159edstavuje zku\u0161enost s narozen\u00edm, Nephthys symbolizuje z\u00e1\u017eitek smrti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>N\u011bkolik staroegyptsk\u00fdch chr\u00e1mov\u00fdch teologi\u00ed naz\u00fdv\u00e1 Nephthys \u201ebohyn\u00ed n\u00e1pomocnou\u201c nebo \u201ebohyn\u00ed excelentn\u00ed\u201c. Tyto egyptsk\u00e9 texty popisuj\u00ed bohyni jako n\u011bkoho, kdo p\u0159edstavoval ochrann\u00e9 opatrovnictv\u00ed a bo\u017eskou pomoc. Mytologie nav\u00edc pova\u017euje bohyni za matku bo\u017estva Anubis. V jin\u00fdch m\u00fdtech se v\u0161ak Anubis jev\u00ed jako syn Isis nebo Bastet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Podle slavn\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhu o Osirisovi byla bohyn\u011b naz\u00fdv\u00e1na prim\u00e1rn\u00ed koj\u00edc\u00ed matkou vt\u011blen\u00e9ho <a href=\"https:\/\/landioustravel.com\/cs\/egypt\/egyptska-bozstva\/buh-horus\/\">boha Hora<\/a>. Texty ji pova\u017euj\u00ed za zdravotn\u00ed sestru vl\u00e1dnouc\u00edho fara\u00f3na. P\u0159\u00edb\u011bhy zobrazuj\u00ed Nephthys nej\u010dast\u011bji v t\u00e9to roli. Podle dal\u0161\u00edch m\u00fdt\u016f se v\u0161ak bohyn\u011b p\u0159edstavovala jako nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9 a divok\u00e9 bo\u017estv\u00ed. Legendy \u0159\u00edkaj\u00ed, \u017ee Nephthys mohl sv\u00fdm hork\u00fdm dechem sp\u00e1lit nep\u0159\u00e1tele fara\u00f3na.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Symbolika bohyn\u011b<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Drak nebo \u017eena se sokolov\u00fdmi k\u0159\u00eddly symbolizuje bohyni v poh\u0159ebn\u00ed roli. Nata\u017een\u00e1 k\u0159\u00eddla p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed symbol ochrany. Sdru\u017een\u00ed Nephthys s egyptsk\u00fdm jest\u0159\u00e1bem p\u0159ipomn\u011blo starc\u016fm b\u011bdov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u011bhem smute\u010dn\u00edch ritu\u00e1l\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Texty pyramid nav\u00edc identifikuj\u00ed asociaci Nephtys se smrt\u00ed a hnilobou. Hieroglyfy zobrazuj\u00edc\u00ed jej\u00ed jm\u00e9no byly kombinac\u00ed znak\u016f, kter\u00e9 st\u00e1ly za posv\u00e1tn\u00fd chr\u00e1mov\u00fd uz\u00e1v\u011br, a symbolem d\u00e1my v horn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti zna\u010dky krytu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>P\u0159\u00edb\u011bhy zobrazovaly bohyni jako morbidn\u00ed, ale z\u00e1sadn\u00ed s\u00edlu nebesk\u00e9ho p\u0159echodu. To v podstat\u011b znamenalo, jak se faraon stal siln\u011bj\u0161\u00edm na jejich cest\u011b do posmrtn\u00e9ho \u017eivota kv\u016fli Isis a Nephthys. V\u0161em mrtv\u00fdm bylo doporu\u010deno, aby ji pova\u017eovali za nezbytn\u00e9ho spole\u010dn\u00edka pro jejich vesm\u00edrnou cestu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Texty Pyramid nav\u00edc pova\u017euj\u00ed sestry Isis a Nephthys za s\u00edlu, p\u0159ed kterou se d\u00e9moni t\u0159esou strachem. Nav\u00edc jejich magie byla nutn\u00e1 k navigaci na r\u016fzn\u00fdch \u00farovn\u00edch Duatu nebo \u0159\u00ed\u0161e smrti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Nephthys v r\u016fzn\u00fdch mytologi\u00edch<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Ned\u00e1vn\u00fd v\u00fdzkum zpochybnil spojen\u00ed bohyn\u011b se Setem. Levai poznamen\u00e1v\u00e1, \u017ee egyptolog uv\u00e1d\u00ed, \u017ee v ran\u00fdch egyptsk\u00fdch zdroj\u00edch je velmi m\u00e1lo informac\u00ed, kter\u00e9 by Nephthysa spojovaly se Setem. Podle n\u00ed man\u017eelstv\u00ed bohyn\u011b se Setem nebylo sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed legendy o vra\u017ed\u011b a vzk\u0159\u00ed\u0161en\u00ed Osirise.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nebthet pom\u00e1h\u00e1 Isis Slavn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh l\u00ed\u010d\u00ed, jak Nephtys pomohl Isis shrom\u00e1\u017edit se a n\u00e1sledn\u011b truchlit nad t\u011blem Osirise pot\u00e9, co ho Set zavra\u017edil. Nav\u00edc slou\u017eila jako ostra\u017eit\u00fd str\u00e1\u017ece d\u00edt\u011bte Horus. Texty pyramid konkr\u00e9tn\u011b odkazuj\u00ed na Isis jako na rodnou matku a Nephthys jako na koj\u00edc\u00ed matku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Nebthet Hraje \u010d\u00e1st s Osirisem<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Nephtys byl tak\u00e9 jedn\u00edm ze \u010dty\u0159 \u201eVelk\u00fdch Cheif\u016f\u201c, kte\u0159\u00ed vl\u00e1dli osiriansk\u00e9mu kultovn\u00edmu centru Busiris v Delt\u011b. Krom\u011b toho zauj\u00edm\u00e1 \u010destn\u00e9 m\u00edsto ve svat\u00e9m m\u011bst\u011b <a href=\"https:\/\/landioustravel.com\/cs\/vesnice-abydos\/\">Abydos<\/a>. M\u011bsto po\u0159\u00e1dalo an\u00e1ln\u00ed ob\u0159ady, ve kter\u00fdch dv\u011b vybran\u00e9 \u017eeny hr\u00e1ly roli Isis a Nephthys. Vybran\u00e1 kn\u011b\u017eka spole\u010dn\u011b provedla \u201eOplak\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed Isis a Nephthys\u201c. Ritu\u00e1ln\u00ed prvek, popul\u00e1rn\u011b zn\u00e1m\u00fd jako \u201eFestival Songs of Isis and Nephthys\u201c, vytvo\u0159il d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd prvek n\u011bkolika osiriansk\u00fdch ob\u0159ad\u016f ve velk\u00fdch egyptsk\u00fdch kultovn\u00edch centrech.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Chr\u00e1ni\u010de Canopic sklenic<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Bohyn\u011b byla nav\u00edc jednou z ochr\u00e1nky\u0148 kanopick\u00fdch n\u00e1dob v Hapi. Syn Hor\u016fv, Hapi, hl\u00eddal balzamovan\u00e9 pl\u00edce. Proto byl Nephthys obda\u0159en titulem \u201eNephtys of the Bed of Life\u201c. To p\u0159\u00edmo odkazovalo na jej\u00ed regenera\u010dn\u00ed schopnosti na balzamovac\u00edm stole.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"> Kr\u00e1lovna obchodu s balz\u00e1my <\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u011bsto Memphis d\u00e1le poctilo bohyni titul \u201eKr\u00e1lovna obchodu s balz\u00e1my\u201c. Tady ji lid\u00e9 spojovali s Anubis jako patronkou s \u0161akal\u00ed hlavou. Lid\u00e9 tak\u00e9 pova\u017eovali bohyni za slavnostn\u00ed bo\u017estvo. Jej\u00ed ob\u0159ady mohly schvalovat konzumaci alkoholu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Pivn\u00ed bohyn\u011b na Edfu<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Dal\u0161\u00ed reli\u00e9fy v Edfu, Dendera a Behbeit j\u00ed p\u0159edv\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edjemn\u00e9 nab\u00eddky piva od <a href=\"https:\/\/landioustravel.com\/cs\/egypt\/faraoni-egypta\/\">faraon\u016f<\/a>. Pozd\u011bji pivo vr\u00e1tila pomoc\u00ed sv\u00e9 s\u00edly jako pivn\u00ed bohyn\u011b a po\u017eehnala faraonovu radost bez kocoviny.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Vyobrazen\u00ed bohyn\u011b<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Obecn\u00e1 textov\u00e1 t\u00e9mata p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed bohyni jako n\u011bkoho, jeho\u017e jedine\u010dnou dom\u00e9nou byla tma nebo nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9 okraje pou\u0161t\u011b. Starov\u011bk\u00fd m\u00fdtus v Papyrus Westcar l\u00ed\u010d\u00ed p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh bohyn\u011b spolu s Meschenet a Heqet. V p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhu bohov\u00e9 cestovali jako tane\u010dn\u00edci v p\u0159estrojen\u00ed a pom\u00e1hali man\u017eelce kn\u011bze z <a href=\"https:\/\/landioustravel.com\/cs\/egypt\/egyptska-bozstva\/buh-amun\/\">Amun-Re<\/a>, p\u0159ipraveni vysvobodit syny ur\u010den\u00e9 ke sl\u00e1v\u011b a bohatstv\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;N\u011bkolik keramick\u00fdch amulet\u016f zobrazuje Nephthys. Bohyn\u011b je nav\u00edc p\u0159\u00edtomna v r\u016fzn\u00fdch magick\u00fdch papyrusech, kter\u00e9 se sna\u017eily p\u0159ivolat sv\u00e9 u\u0161lechtil\u00e9 vlastnosti, aby pomohly smrteln\u00edk\u016fm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Z\u00e1v\u011br<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Lid\u00e9 ch\u00e1pali Nebthet m\u00e9n\u011b jasn\u011b ne\u017e jej\u00ed sestra Isis. Stejn\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1 v\u0161ak byla v egyptsk\u00e9m n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed. Pr\u00e1ce <a href=\"https:\/\/cs.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Erik_Hornung\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Erika Hornunga<\/a> a n\u011bkolika dal\u0161\u00edch u\u010denc\u016f potvrdila Nephthysovo n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9 postaven\u00ed. V 19. dynastii byl nav\u00edc ve m\u011bst\u011b Sepermeru postaven chr\u00e1m Nephthys. Faraon Ramesse II vedl tento projekt kv\u016fli sv\u00e9 oddanosti bohyni. Podobn\u011b existuje n\u011bkolik zpr\u00e1v o s\u00edle a sl\u00e1v\u011b bohyn\u011b Nephthys.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Staroegyptsk\u00e1 kultura uzn\u00e1v\u00e1 Nebthet, zn\u00e1m\u00e9ho tak\u00e9 jako Nebet-Het, jako mocnou bohyni. Pat\u0159ila k Velk\u00e9mu Enneadu z Heliopolisu z egyptsk\u00e9 mytologie. M\u00fdty uzn\u00e1vaj\u00ed Nephthys jako dceru boha Geba a bohyn\u011b Nut. Mytologie spojuje bohyni sama s Isis, jej\u00ed sestrou, v poh\u0159ebn\u00edch ob\u0159adech. Oba byli ochr\u00e1nci mumi\u00ed. Nav\u00edc byla bohyn\u011b tak\u00e9 sestrou a man\u017eelkou boha Seta. Mytologie [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":34488,"parent":19611,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_coblocks_attr":"","_coblocks_dimensions":"","_coblocks_responsive_height":"","_coblocks_accordion_ie_support":"","_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-34484","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.9 (Yoast SEO v27.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Bohyn\u011b Nebthet - Role a n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9 postaven\u00ed - Landious Travel<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Bohyn\u011b Nebthet Staroegyptsk\u00e1 kultura uzn\u00e1v\u00e1 Nephthys, zn\u00e1m\u00e9ho tak\u00e9 jako Nebet-Het, jako mocnou bohyni. 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Pat\u0159ila k Velk\u00e9mu Enneadu z Heliopolisu z egyptsk\u00e9 mytologie. M\u00fdty uzn\u00e1vaj\u00ed Nephthys jako dceru boha Geba a bohyn\u011b Nut. Mytologie spojuje bohyni sama s Isis, jej\u00ed sestrou, v poh\u0159ebn\u00edch ob\u0159adech. Oba byli ochr\u00e1nci mumi\u00ed. Nav\u00edc byla bohyn\u011b tak\u00e9 sestrou a man\u017eelkou boha Seta. 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