{"id":4363,"date":"2019-05-02T16:19:29","date_gmt":"2019-05-02T14:19:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/landioustravel.com\/?page_id=4363"},"modified":"2019-06-27T07:24:50","modified_gmt":"2019-06-27T05:24:50","slug":"histoire-ancienne","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/landioustravel.com\/fr\/egypte\/histoire-egypte\/histoire-ancienne\/","title":{"rendered":"Histoire \u00e9gyptienne antique"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Lorsque nous \u00e9tudions l\u2019histoire de l\u2019\u00c9gypte<\/a>, nous pouvons d\u00e9couvrir qu\u2019elle est divis\u00e9e en deux parties principales: l\u2019\u00e9poque ancienne de l\u2019\u00c9gypte avec ses d\u00e9veloppements florissants et sa civilisation autochtone, et la p\u00e9riode dirigeante non \u00e9gyptienne avec son influence sur la mentalit\u00e9 du peuple \u00e9gyptien. et leur capacit\u00e9 de cr\u00e9ativit\u00e9. Il est tr\u00e8s int\u00e9ressant d\u2019\u00e9tudier de pr\u00e8s l\u2019histoire du pays! Ici, nous allons vous donner un bref r\u00e9sum\u00e9 des principales p\u00e9riodes de son histoire:<\/amp-fit-text><\/p>\n\n\n\n

P\u00e9riode pr\u00e9dynastique<\/h2><\/amp-fit-text>\n\n\n\n

Cette p\u00e9riode a \u00e9t\u00e9 caract\u00e9ris\u00e9e par les premiers d\u00e9veloppements de la civilisation \u00e9gyptienne. Elle a \u00e9t\u00e9 t\u00e9moin d\u2019un \u00e9change de chasse pour l\u2019agriculture et de progr\u00e8s rapides qui ont ouvert la voie au d\u00e9veloppement ult\u00e9rieur des arts et de l\u2019artisanat \u00e9gyptiens, de la technologie, de la politique et de la religion.<\/amp-fit-text><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Un aspect majeur de cette p\u00e9riode est l\u2019\u00e9tablissement de deux royaumes distincts: le royaume du nord et le royaume du sud. Le royaume du nord, ou ce qu’on appelait la Terre rouge, \u00e9tait situ\u00e9 dans le delta du Nil et s’\u00e9tendait au sud le long du Nil jusqu’\u00e0 Atfih. Tandis que le royaume du sud, ou ce qu’on appelait la Terre Blanche, s’\u00e9tendait d’Atfih au nord \u00e0 Gebel El-Silsila au sud.<\/amp-fit-text><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Un roi du Sud, le scorpion, tente d’unifier les deux royaumes. Il fit les premi\u00e8res tentatives de conqu\u00eate du royaume du nord vers 3200 av. Un si\u00e8cle plus tard, le roi M\u00e9n\u00e8s a r\u00e9ussi \u00e0 ma\u00eetriser le nord et \u00e0 unifier le pays.<\/amp-fit-text><\/p>\n\n\n\n

P\u00e9riode archa\u00efque<\/h2><\/amp-fit-text>\n\n\n\n

La p\u00e9riode archa\u00efque a \u00e9t\u00e9 t\u00e9moin d’un d\u00e9veloppement majeur de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9gyptienne, notamment de l’id\u00e9ologie primordiale du culte. \u00c0 cette \u00e9poque, le roi M\u00e9n\u00e8s fonda la capitale de l’\u00c9gypte ancienne \u00e0 Memphis, ou s’appelait White Walls, pr\u00e8s de l’apex du delta du Nil. La capitale est devenue une grande m\u00e9tropole et a ouvert la voie \u00e0 la construction de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9gyptienne antique.<\/amp-fit-text><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ancien royaume<\/h2><\/amp-fit-text>\n\n\n\n

Cette p\u00e9riode est tr\u00e8s int\u00e9ressante dans l\u2019histoire de l\u2019\u00c9gypte ancienne. On l\u2019appelle \u00e9galement p\u00e9riode des constructeurs de pyramides. Il a \u00e9t\u00e9 t\u00e9moin d’un net d\u00e9veloppement de la construction religieuse des tombeaux, en accord avec les croyances de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9gyptienne. Un certain nombre de tentatives ont \u00e9t\u00e9 faites pour fa\u00e7onner la tombe du pharaon. Cette tentative a commenc\u00e9 avec la construction de la pyramide \u00e0 degr\u00e9s \u00e0 Sakkara et a abouti \u00e0 la construction des \u00e9tonnantes pyramides \u00e0 Gizeh.<\/amp-fit-text><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Premi\u00e8re p\u00e9riode interm\u00e9diaire<\/h2><\/amp-fit-text>\n\n\n\n

Cette p\u00e9riode a \u00e9t\u00e9 caract\u00e9ris\u00e9e par l’effondrement du gouvernement central, qui a conduit \u00e0 une guerre civile entre les gouverneurs des villes<\/a>; et plus tard, l’apparition de deux royaumes distincts. La zone septentrionale couvrait le centre de l\u2019\u00c9gypte<\/a> dans la r\u00e9gion situ\u00e9e entre Memphis et Th\u00e8bes. Le sud \u00e9tait \u00e0 Th\u00e8bes.<\/amp-fit-text><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Le faible du pays et sa division ont entra\u00een\u00e9 une invasion partielle et un d\u00e9sastre de famine. \u00c0 la fin de cette p\u00e9riode, nous pouvons constater une tentative de r\u00e9unification du pays. Ces tentatives ont r\u00e9ussi lors du prince th\u00e9bain Mentouhotep.<\/amp-fit-text><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Royaume du millieu<\/h2><\/amp-fit-text>\n\n\n\n

Au cours de cette p\u00e9riode, l\u2019\u00c9gypte a connu un \u00e2ge d\u2019or comme \u00e0 l\u2019ancien royaume. Une capitale a \u00e9t\u00e9 construite au sud de Memphis et des campagnes militaires ont \u00e9t\u00e9 lanc\u00e9es contre les B\u00e9douins.<\/amp-fit-text><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Il y avait une r\u00e9forme politique pour assurer la succession sans heurt de leur pouvoir en rendant chaque successeur co-r\u00e9gent.<\/amp-fit-text><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Deuxi\u00e8me p\u00e9riode interm\u00e9diaire<\/h2><\/amp-fit-text>\n\n\n\n

Cette p\u00e9riode a \u00e9t\u00e9 marqu\u00e9e par le d\u00e9but d’une autre p\u00e9riode instable de l’histoire \u00e9gyptienne, au cours de laquelle une succession rapide de rois n’a pas r\u00e9ussi \u00e0 consolider le pouvoir. En cons\u00e9quence, l\u2019\u00c9gypte a \u00e9t\u00e9 divis\u00e9e en plusieurs sph\u00e8res d\u2019influence.<\/amp-fit-text><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nouveau royaume<\/h2><\/amp-fit-text>\n\n\n\n

La p\u00e9riode a beaucoup \u00e9t\u00e9 florissante dans l’histoire de l’Egypte. Le pays a de nouveau \u00e9t\u00e9 r\u00e9uni par un pharaon th\u00e9bain appel\u00e9 Ahmose.<\/amp-fit-text><\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u2019aspect le plus marquant de cette p\u00e9riode est la formation du premier grand empire du monde. Ici, nous pouvons constater que l\u2019\u00c9gypte a restaur\u00e9 son contr\u00f4le sur la Nubie et a commenc\u00e9 des campagnes militaires au nord et \u00e0 l\u2019est, \u00e9tendant son empire de la Nubie \u00e0 l\u2019Euphrate en Asie.<\/amp-fit-text><\/p>\n\n\n\n

La troisi\u00e8me p\u00e9riode interm\u00e9diaire<\/h2><\/amp-fit-text>\n\n\n\n

La faiblesse du gouvernement central caract\u00e9rise cette p\u00e9riode. Deux raisons principales expliquent cette faiblesse. La premi\u00e8re raison \u00e9tait l’augmentation du pouvoir des pr\u00eatres. La deuxi\u00e8me raison \u00e9tait la menace des nouvelles puissances, l\u2019influence \u00e9tendue du royaume de Nubie et l\u2019apparition de l\u2019empire assyrien.<\/amp-fit-text><\/p>\n\n\n\n

La p\u00e9riode tardive<\/h2><\/amp-fit-text>\n\n\n\n

En cette p\u00e9riode, l’Egypte est r\u00e9unifi\u00e9e; bien que la loyaut\u00e9 \u00e9tait \u00e0 l’empire assyrien. Apr\u00e8s l’effondrement de l’empire assyrien par le persan, l’Egypte est devenue une partie de cet empire. L’ann\u00e9e 404 av. a assist\u00e9 \u00e0 une derni\u00e8re p\u00e9riode d’ind\u00e9pendance de l’\u00c9gypte sous des souverains indig\u00e8nes de la 28\u00e8me dynastie \u00e0 la 30\u00e8me dynastie.<\/amp-fit-text><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Lorsque nous \u00e9tudions l\u2019histoire de l\u2019\u00c9gypte, nous pouvons d\u00e9couvrir qu\u2019elle est divis\u00e9e en deux parties principales: l\u2019\u00e9poque ancienne de l\u2019\u00c9gypte avec ses d\u00e9veloppements florissants et sa civilisation autochtone, et la p\u00e9riode dirigeante non \u00e9gyptienne avec son influence sur la mentalit\u00e9 du peuple \u00e9gyptien. et leur capacit\u00e9 de cr\u00e9ativit\u00e9. Il est tr\u00e8s int\u00e9ressant d\u2019\u00e9tudier de pr\u00e8s […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":30224,"parent":3703,"menu_order":2,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_coblocks_attr":"","_coblocks_dimensions":"","_coblocks_responsive_height":"","_coblocks_accordion_ie_support":"","_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","footnotes":"","big_sky_generated":false},"class_list":["post-4363","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"\nHistoire \u00e9gyptienne antique - Civilization in Ancient Egypt - Landious Travel<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Lorsque nous \u00e9tudions l\u2019histoire de l\u2019\u00c9gypte, nous pouvons d\u00e9couvrir qu\u2019elle est divis\u00e9e en deux parties principales: l\u2019\u00e9poque ancienne de l\u2019\u00c9gypte avec ses d\u00e9veloppements florissants et sa civilisation autochtone, et la p\u00e9riode dirigeante non \u00e9gyptienne avec son influence sur la mentalit\u00e9 du peuple \u00e9gyptien. et leur capacit\u00e9 de cr\u00e9ativit\u00e9. Il est tr\u00e8s int\u00e9ressant d\u2019\u00e9tudier de pr\u00e8s l\u2019histoire du pays! 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