Author: Mofreh Landious

Founded by Alexander the Great and once the largest city in the world, Alexandria is rich in history. The Great Library of Alexandria and the Pharos Lighthouse, one of the seven wonders of the ancient world, were both situated here. In more recent times, from the late 19th century to the 1950s, Alexandria was a popular tourist destination for writers, poets, and artists. While few historical monuments exist today, Alexandria is still a great place to capture a sense of days-gone-by grandeur.

Despite being the second-largest city in Egypt, Alexandria’s valid claim to fame is its storied past and rich history. The city was the capital of Ptolemaic Egypt and the site of the infamous battle between Cleopatra and the Romans. As a leading learning centre, Alexandria was home to two ancient wonders of the world.

While Alexandria may have lost some of its former lustrous, the city’s mix of old and new, beautiful and ugly, is still a sight. There are plenty of attractions for experts seeking technical details, including the Great Library of Alexandria and the Pharos Lighthouse. Plan to explore its many landmarks and monuments to appreciate Alexandria’s rich history fully. There are lots of Alexandria activities, waiting for you!

Dive Alexandria’s Underwater Ruins

Alexandria has just the thing if you want a unique diving experience. While diving in the Red Sea is known for its colourful coral reefs and fish life, Alexandria’s dive sites in the Eastern Harbor offer an opportunity to explore ancient underwater ruins.

It’s important to note that visibility can be low when diving in Alexandria, so it’s best to come prepared. However, for those who venture down, the toppled statues and columns of the ancient city make for an awe-inspiring sight.

Even underwater archaeologists have found riches off the coast of Alexandria in recent years. The bay of Aboukir to the northeast of the city is home to the port town of Heracleion-Thonis, and many of the treasures discovered there are now on display in Alexandria’s museums.

For recreational divers, the Eastern Harbor remains the most popular site. “Cleopatra’s Palace” is a favourite among divers, with sphinxes, columns, and statuary still in situ. While we may never know if Cleopatra herself ever resided here, it’s still a fascinating underwater experience.

Fort Qaitbey

Constructed in 1480 by Mamluk sultan Qaitbey, Fort Qaitbay was erected to defend the crucial Mediterranean port of Alexandria. However, this strategic location was once home to the world-famous Lighthouse of Alexandria, Pharos, one of the world’s seven ancient wonders. Unfortunately, the lighthouse was destroyed by an earthquake in 1303, and Qaitbey later utilized its debris to build the citadel.

Although not a perfect replacement for the lost Pharos Lighthouse, Fort Qaitbey has been a steadfast guardian of Alexandria for over five centuries. Its construction employed rubble from the demolished lighthouse, and the fortification boasts a series of solid stone-walled chambers and a rooftop lookout, offering an unparalleled view of the Mediterranean. Visitors can walk along the Corniche road of the Eastern Harbor to reach Fort Qaitbey and explore its fascinating history and strategic significance.

Pompey’s Pillar and Serapeum

In Alexandria, Egypt, there is an ancient column known as Pompey’s Pillar. Despite its name, this red Aswan granite column with a Corinthian capital, standing at almost 27 meters, has nothing to do with Pompey. Instead, it was erected in 292 CE in honour of Diocletian, who provided food for the starving population after the city was under siege. The column rises from the Serapeion (Temple of Serapis) ruins, once used to store the overflow of manuscripts from the Great Library of Alexandria. Although the Serapeion is now badly ruined, there are substructure chambers that visitors can explore beneath the column.

The Serapeum was once Alexandria’s acropolis dedicated to Serapis, the city’s patron god, but it was destroyed around 400 AD when Christianity gained strength in Alexandria. The remains of underground storerooms where they used to keep extra texts and manuscripts from the Great Library of Alexandria can also be found in Carmous, near the Catacombs of Kom el-Shuqqafa. Alexandria’s only fully intact ancient monument is also located in Carmous, where the remains of ancient walls, architectural fragments, and rubble are scattered around a hill.

Explore the Bibliotheca Alexandrina

Alexandria has been home to two of the seven ancient wonders of the world, with Egypt as a whole boasting three out of the seven. The only ancient wonder still in existence is the Great Pyramid of Giza. The ancient Library of Alexandria was another marvel that put the Mediterranean city on the map, in addition to the Pharos lighthouse.

The Roman conquest of Egypt led to the destruction of the Great Library. However, in 2002, the modern Bibliotheca Alexandrina was built to tribute the ancient library and revive the spirit of knowledge and learning.

The Bibliotheca Alexandrina is a significant contemporary landmark in Egypt and the cultural hub of Alexandria. It features one of the most ambitious libraries in the modern world and several museums that explore Alexandria’s history and heritage.

The building’s architecture centres around a large sun disk, which overlooks the waterfront Corniche. The main library and reading room accommodate up to eight million volumes.

Aside from the impressive main library, the exhibition spaces below the library are the main tourist attractions. The Alexandria Antiquities Museum, located below the library, displays a collection of sculptures. This collection dates back to the Greco-Roman period, obtained through underwater archaeological excavations in the harbour.

The Manuscript Museum, also located below the library, exhibits a collection of ancient texts and scrolls. The exhibition halls host rotating contemporary art exhibitions, a permanent collection of Egyptian folk art, and a Science Museum and Planetarium that cater to children.

Stroll the Corniche

The focal point of Alexandria is its Corniche, a coastal road that runs parallel to the Mediterranean Sea on one side and the city on the other. Walking down the Corniche provides a glimpse into what the ancient city was like over 2,000 years ago. The street vendors, parents with strollers, couples, fishermen, and teenagers all add to the vibrant scene. The Corniche Road, which runs along the waterfront of downtown Alexandria, is a symbol of the city and its monuments.

The stretch of the Corniche that runs from Midan Saad Zaghloul to Fort Qaitbey on the western tip of the Eastern Harbor is particularly notable. It captures the essence of the cosmopolitan elegance and decadence that characterized Alexandria during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Although much of the architecture from this era remains, it is heavily worn and falling into disrepair.

While strolling along the Corniche, visitors will come across the Abu Abbas al-Mursi Mosque with multiple domes. They also come across the Steigenberger Cecil Hotel and Paradise Inn Windsor Palace Hotel, once the town’s grandest addresses. These heritage hotels hosted notable figures such as mystery author Agatha Christie, the British Secret Service and Winston Churchill during WWII, and Egypt’s beloved singer Umm Khalthoum. The Cecil also features in Lawrence Durrell’s classic Alexandria Quartet novels.

Discover the Catacombs of Kom el-Shuqqafa

The Catacombs of Kom el-Shuqqafa are a fascinating blend of Egyptian, Greek, and Roman architecture and monuments and are rightfully considered one of the Seven Wonders of the Middle Ages. Dating back to the 2nd century AD, these catacombs consist of three underground levels carved out of rock, with the most profound level now submerged in water. These catacombs were discovered in 1900 when a donkey accidentally fell through the ground-level access shaft.

The second level of the catacombs is particularly noteworthy due to the abundance of sculptures present there. While initially intended as a tomb for a single family, the bones of other individuals and horses were also found there. The Catacombs of Kom el-Shuqqafa were hewn from the rock on the southern slopes of a hill in the Carmous district and are believed to date from the 2nd century CE. They offer an admirable example of the characteristic Alexandrian fusion of Egyptian and Greco-Roman styles.

The catacombs are laid out on several levels of sarcophagi and loculi (shelf tomb) chambers. A spiral staircase leads down into the ground to the central rotunda. To the right, visitors can enter the main burial chamber and the Sepulchral Chapel, which contains 91 loculi, each large enough to accommodate three or four mummies. To the left is a large room known as the Triclinium Funebre, which would have been used for banquets in honour of the dead.

Visit Aboukir

Nestled atop a promontory, surrounded by ancient forts, lies the quaint fishing village of Aboukir, located about 24 kilometres northeast of Alexandria. Despite its modest size, its illustrious history is truly remarkable.

On August 1st, 1798, it was here that the Battle of the Nile took place, where Nelson led his troops to a devastating victory over the French fleet. Additionally, in 1799, Napoleon emerged victorious over a much larger Turkish force, and in 1801, Sir Ralph Abercromby defeated the remaining French army, forcing them to leave Egypt.

For those who enjoy naval history, these battles alone make Aboukir a worthwhile destination. However, for the average traveller, the main attraction is the opportunity to indulge in some of Egypt’s finest seafood.

During the summer, Aboukir Bay is home to several incredible seafood restaurants, which are popular among the locals. Savouring a delectable seafood dinner while watching the Mediterranean sunset is the perfect way to end a day in Alexandria.

Explore Fouad Street

If I may suggest, taking a stroll down Alexandria’s historic Fouad Street would be a lovely experience. It’s worth noting that although Google Maps lists it as ‘El Horeya Road,’ locals still refer to it as Fouad Street, named after the former Egyptian king.

Fouad Street is a charming piece of Alexandria’s belle epoque, where a harmonious blend of Egyptian, Italian, Greek, French, Armenian, Muslim, Christian, and Jewish communities once thrived. The architecture, art, shops, and even food were a melting pot of the diverse communities, all of whom held a deep connection to Alexandria.

Try Alexandria’s famous patisseries

It’s heartwarming to know that Alexandria is renowned for its rich cafe and patisserie culture, some of which have been cherished for over a century, like Trianon near El Raml Station and the family-owned Délices, which has been passed down through generations since 1922. To discover more of Alexandria’s beloved old patisseries, you might want to check out the article 14 Egyptian Dessert Shops & Patisseries More Than 50 Years Old.

View the Art inside Mahmoud Said Museum

If you have a keen interest in the art scene of Egypt, it would be highly recommended that you visit this beautiful Italianate villa, which was once the home of the renowned Egyptian artist Mahmoud Said. This place has now become an art gallery showcasing Said’s remarkable work.

Mahmoud Said is considered by many to be the pioneer of modern Egyptian art. His artwork may have a European flair, but it is infused with a unique Egyptian identity that sets it apart from anything else. His artwork collection covers various stages of his painting career, including everything from landscapes to nudes.

If you plan to visit the Royal Jewelry Museum, include this art gallery, which is only a short one-kilometre walk north. Visiting both places together can make for a truly enriching experience.

Ride the tram

Riding the Alexandrian tram is a must-do activity to immerse yourself in the local culture. This tram has operated since 1860 and was the first public transportation system in Egypt and Africa. It’s an incredible piece of history and one of the oldest tram systems still in existence today.

Not only are these trams an affordable option, but they’re also incredibly safe, making them an excellent choice for those who want to explore the city without any safety concerns. Although they may not be the fastest mode of transport, double-decker cars provide a unique perspective of the city. Women-only vehicles are available for female solo travellers, providing a comfortable and secure experience.

Royal Jewelry Museum

Located in the Alex neighbourhood of Zizenia, the Royal Jewelry Museum is housed in a former palace built in 1919-1923 and once belonged to Princess Fatma El Zahraa. The castle itself is an architectural masterpiece, blending Islamic and European styles, with ornate plasterwork ceilings that are gilded and frescoed.

The museum’s extensive collection of over 11,000 pieces includes jewellery, coins, golden clocks, watches, portraits of the royal family, crowns, and other objects from the Muhammad Ali Pasha dynasty, some dating back to the reign of Mohammed Ali Pasha himself, who became Khedive of Egypt in 1805.

Of particular note is King Farouk’s walking stick, crafted from ebony and gold. Visitors can easily access the museum from central Alexandria by tram, and it is well worth a visit for those interested in the history and culture of Egypt’s royal family.

Have a drink at the Windsor Palace rooftop

The Windsor Palace Hotel, now known as Paradise Inn Windsor Palace, has a rich history dating back to 1906. It was situated in a sought-after location 100 years ago, with proximity to the Raml train station, Alexandria’s old port harbour, shopping district, and seaside promenades.

While the hotel may not be in its prime today, it still boasts a timeless feature that draws visitors from far and wide – the breathtaking view from its rooftop restaurant and terrace.

If you find that the 7th-floor Sky Roof is in ‘club mode’, with blaring music and harsh lighting, don’t worry – you can still enjoy the equally stunning view from the restaurant terrace on the 6th floor.

For more fascinating insights into Alexandria’s iconic old hotels, check out the article 11 Historical Hotels in Egypt You Can Stay At Until Today.

Visit the UNESCO World Heritage Site of Abu Mena

Abu Mena, an early Christian holy city built over the tomb of the martyr Menas of Alexandria, around 50 km south of Alexandria, holds great historical significance. Unfortunately, not much of the ancient Christian city remains standing today except for the foundation of some grand buildings, such as the basilica. It’s believed that Menas died in either the late 3rd or early 4th century, and it’s heartbreaking to see this precious site in danger of disappearing forever.

UNESCO has listed Abu Mena as a “World Heritage in Danger” due to the rise in the water table, which has made the foundations of the remaining structures unstable or collapse. As compassionate humans, we must do our best to preserve this site’s rich history and cultural heritage. If you’re in Alexandria and have some spare time, visiting this World Heritage site could help raise awareness of its plight. Let’s work together to protect and cherish what remains of Abu Mena.

Roman Amphitheatre (Kom el Dikka)

The Roman Amphitheatre in Alexandria, Egypt, was discovered in 1960 during the construction of a governmental building. Dating back to the 4th century AD, this arena was used for performances during the Roman era and public assemblies and summits during the Byzantine and early Islamic periods. The site also includes the ruins of Roman baths from the 2nd-4th century AD to the north of the amphitheatre and a 2nd-century AD Roman villa known as the Villa of the Birds, which features a mosaic floor depicting birds. These additional sites are worth a visit when exploring the area around the amphitheatre.

In the centre of Alexandria lies Kom el-Dikka, once a mound of rubble. In the 1960s, the site was cleared for new housing, and during this process, a treasure trove of ancient ruins was discovered. Among these ruins was a small Roman theatre. Today, visitors can explore the Greco-Roman period of Alexandria at the small archaeological park located at the site. Along with the theatre, the park also features remnants of a Ptolemaic temple, a Roman bathhouse, and several Roman-era villas. One of the most significant discoveries at the site was the well-preserved 3rd-century mosaic floors found during excavation work on the Villa of the Birds. These mosaics have been kept in situ and are a sight for history enthusiasts.

Alexandria National Museum

If you want to learn more about Alexandria’s rich history, the National Museum is a great place to start. The museum’s architecture may not be its most vital feature, but its exhibits more than makeup for it.

The displays are arranged chronologically, covering the Pharaonic, Greek, Roman, Christian, Islamic, and modern eras. There’s even a section dedicated to underwater monuments, some of which still exist in the Mediterranean Sea off the coast of Alexandria.

Venturing inside, visitors are taken on a journey through time. The basement showcases the Pharaonic era, while the ground floor explores Alexandria’s golden age under the Ptolemy dynasty. The first floor covers the Byzantine and Islamic periods.

The museum’s most impressive displays are on the ground floor, where visitors can admire statues and artefacts recovered from the sunken city of Heracleion-Thonis in Aboukir Bay.

Overall, the National Museum is a must-visit destination for anyone looking to understand Alexandria’s fascinating past better. The exhibits are thoughtfully curated, and the museum does an excellent job of bringing ancient Alexandria to life through its maps and other interactive displays.

Montazah Gardens

Located on the eastern side of Alexandria, the Montazah Palace Complex and its royal gardens offer a serene retreat by the Mediterranean Sea. Once the summer palace and residence of the Egyptian monarchy, the Salamlik Palace was initially built in 1892 by Khedive Abbas II as a hunting lodge. Later, King Fuad added the sister palace Haramlik in 1932.

While the palaces are not open to the general public, visitors are welcome to explore the gardens, take in the stunning sea views, and indulge in delicious food at the various restaurants and cafes in the park. Additionally, a charming little island can be accessed via a bridge.

Montazah is a verdant oasis on the city’s eastern edge, graced with towering palm trees, manicured lawns, and vibrant flowers that were once exclusive to the royal court and their entourage. Despite the palace being off-limits, the sprawling gardens are open to all, providing a much-needed respite from the hustle and bustle of Alexandria.

The Montazah Palace is an impressive sight, with its unique design featuring ornate towers influenced by the Florentine style and Rococo embellishments. The park’s coastal end boasts a small beach and a whimsical bridge leading to the island.

For those seeking tranquillity, a visit to Montazah is highly recommended and can do wonders to restore one’s peace of mind before returning to the city’s fast-paced environment. Mini-buses travelling west along the Corniche road pass by Montazah, and the fare ranges from 1-2 EGP depending on the boarding location.

Ras el-Tin Palace

With its grandeur and history, Ras el-Tin Palace was once a cherished retreat for Egypt’s sultans seeking respite from the sweltering Cairo weather. This iconic palace is also significant as it was where King Farouk, the last king of Egypt, officially relinquished his throne before leaving for Italy in 1952.

Although the palace is now under the domain of the Egyptian navy, the magnificent white exterior remains a sight to behold, especially when viewed from the harbour waters. Unfortunately, the beautiful interiors are not accessible to the general public, but we can still appreciate the palace’s grandeur from a distance.

Day Trip to the El Alamein War Memorials

The small and humble township of El Alamein, located approximately 112 kilometres to the west of Alexandria, holds a significant place in the history of the modern world. In this barren and unremarkable desert, the Allies achieved their first decisive victory in the North African campaign during World War II.

The battles fought here in October 1942 were brutal, resulting in the deaths or injuries of over 80,000 soldiers from various countries, such as Australia, New Zealand, India, Great Britain, Germany, and Italy. These events have left a lasting impact on the town, and today’s war memorials serve as a sombre reminder of the 13-day-long conflict that took so many lives.

The El Alamein War Museum is an excellent tribute to the campaign, and it does a great job of showcasing a wide range of military memorabilia from the time. Meanwhile, the Commonwealth Cemetery is a beautiful and well-maintained tribute to the fallen, with desert plants surrounding the 7,000 tombstones arranged in regimented rows.

Along the coastal highway, the German Memorial stands just north of town, where most of the 4,500 dead German soldiers are buried. A couple more kilometres north is the Italian Memorial, home to a small but fascinating museum. These memorials are a touching tribute to those who made the ultimate sacrifice during this dark time in history.

Dine Out in Alexandria’s Fish Restaurants

If you’re planning a trip to Alexandria, you must try the fresh seafood in the city. You’ll find the best fish restaurants on the harborfront, where you can enjoy your meal with stunning sea views, and the Anfushi district, a working-class area extending west from Fort Qaitbey and the harbour.

In the early evening, Anfushi comes alive, with traditional coffeehouses spilling out onto the street and the aroma of sheesha (water pipes) and grilled fish filling the air. Beyond the restaurant scene, there’s so much to explore in Anfushi. Along Qasr Ras el-Tin Street, you’ll find the city’s shipyards, and further along the street, you’ll come across the bustling Alexandria fish market. It’s an excellent spot for photographers in the mornings when the haggling is at its peak.

Abu Abbas al-Mursi Mosque

The Abu Abbas al-Mursi Mosque is a prominent landmark in Alexandria, Egypt, built-in 1796 over the tomb of the 13th-century Sufi holy man Abu Abbas al-Mursi. Algerian sheikh Abu Hassan el Maghreby constructed the mosque, and it is the largest mosque in Alexandria to date, having undergone several renovations since its construction. The mosque’s history dates back to 1307 when El Sheikh Zein El Deen built a mausoleum, dome and a small mosque over the tomb. This mosque became a popular pilgrimage spot for Muslims en route to and from Mecca.

Abu Abbas Al Mursi, an Andalusian Islamic scholar and sheikh originally from Murcia in Spain’s Andalusia region, spent 43 years in Alexandria before passing. His teachings are still revered in Egypt to this day. The mosque’s stunning facade of swirling Islamic calligraphy designs and motifs is a significant attraction for non-religious visitors. The mosque’s intricate mosaic halls are accessible to visitors, provided they dress modestly and leave their shoes at the main entrance.

Shop in Alex’s Main Souk Area

If you’re looking for a taste of everyday life in Alexandria, visiting the local souq is a must. Although there may not be many items that catch the eye of tourists, the market is filled with a vast array of goods ranging from fresh produce to silver trinkets. The numerous winding lanes that branch off from one another all specialize in different products, making it an intriguing and diverse place to explore. More than just a shopping destination, the souq is where you can immerse yourself in the local culture. Stroll through the market to experience the essence of Alexandria’s soul.

Cavafy Museum

Constantine Cavafy was a remarkable Alexandrian poet who unfortunately only gained fame and recognition for his writing after passing. Despite being a journalist and civil servant during his work, he was little recognized for his poetry outside of a small group of Alexandrian-based writers. It’s worth noting that English novelist E.M. Forster was a champion of Cavafy’s work and was part of this group.

Cavafy’s poetry is a rich reflection of the vast history of Alexandria, particularly its Hellenistic origins, and he has become one of the most celebrated literary figures of the city. His former apartment, which can be found on Sharm el-Sheikh Street, has been transformed into a museum that contains many of his manuscripts and correspondence, serving as a tribute to his life and a major attraction for anyone looking to embark on an Alexandrian literary pilgrimage.

Cairo is one of the world’s most significant megacities, offering unparalleled historical sightseeing that few cities can match. However, this capital city of Egypt boasts much more than just museums and mosques. At the same time, it may initially overwhelm first-time visitors with its blend of exquisite historic finery and sensory overload. Cairo is a city that visitors love and hate equally. It exudes a vibrancy that makes it the ultimate destination for experiencing modern Egyptian street life. A visit to Egypt is incomplete without experiencing the charm of Umm al-Dunya. The Mother of the World, Cairo, is affectionately known to locals.

While the Giza Pyramids, located on the city’s doorstep, are the main draw for tourists, the town itself boasts a plethora of significant monuments spanning centuries of history. With so many things to do in Cairo, covering everything in just one trip is impossible. To make the most of your visit and optimise your time, consult our list of the top attractions in Cairo.

Pyramids of Giza

Ancient Egyptian pyramids come atop Cairo activities. The Pyramids of Giza are undeniably attractive and significant as they are the tomb of Pharaoh Khufu, the largest Egyptian pyramid. Seeing the oldest of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World is exciting. These fourth-dynasty funerary pyramids are situated on the city’s edge and are undoubtedly the best highlights of Cairo.

Explorers who experience the superb Pyramid of Cheops, the Great Pyramid in the Giza collection, seem to overlook the heat and dust. Otherwise called the Great Pyramid or the Pyramid of Khufu, it features a plain yet excellent tomb chamber with a sarcophagus. The intriguing slender sections inside the Pyramids take you into the Solar Boat gallery. It reveals fabulous sun-controlled barques carefully restored to their original beauty. To the south, you will find the Pyramid of Chephren, an enormous passage known as the Pyramid of Khefre. Guarding these funeral home sanctuaries is the mysterious Sphinx, a lion-bodied monument faced like a pharaoh and probably the most famous landmark in Cairo. This attraction is indeed a prominent landmark of the ancient world.

Egyptian Museum

The Egyptian Museum in downtown Cairo has a vast collection of rare and unique historical artefacts. With around 120,000 items, it is one of the largest museums in the region and boasts the world’s most extensive collection of Pharaonic antiques.

The museum’s corridors and halls showcase a variety of treasures. The collection includes the gold death mask of Tutankhamun, mummies, and jewellery, providing a glimpse into the golden era of Egyptian culture and civilisation. The Museum of Egyptian Antiquities has pursued numerous initiatives to achieve its vision. These endeavours draw on experience, knowledge and ideas from national and international sources to progress towards its objectives. For history enthusiasts, a visit to the museum promises to be an informative and enlightening experience, providing valuable insights into the history of Egypt and its rulers.

History

Established in 1858 by the Egyptian government, the museum was initially located in Boulaq. Still, it was relocated to a royal palace in Giza in 1891 after suffering significant damage during a flood in the Nile in 1878. The museum was finally moved to its present location at Tahrir Square in Cairo.

Sadly, during the 2011 revolution, many artefacts and other collected items were damaged or destroyed, along with damage to the building. However, 25 damaged items were restored and displayed as part of an exhibition titled “Damaged and Restored.” Since then, the museum has continued to show its impressive collection.

Artefacts

Upon arrival at the museum, visitors are greeted by collections and artefacts dating back to the New Kingdom period from 1550 to 1069 BC. Giant statues, coffins, tables, coins, and manuscripts are on display prominently after passing through security. While many of the manuscripts have decayed due to ageing, the coins have been well-restored and are made of gold, silver and bronze.

The first floor of the museum is dedicated to artefacts from the last two dynasties of Egypt, including collections from the Valley of the Kings and the Tombs of Pharaohs Thutmosis-III, Thutmosis-IV, Amenophis-II and Hatshepsut. Visitors can also view materials discovered from the intact Tombs of Tutankhamun and Psusennes-I. These exhibitions offer a fascinating tour of ancient Egypt and showcase the skills of artisans from that time.

No visit to the Egyptian Museum would be complete without seeing some of the museum’s most notable artefacts, including the gold death mask of Tutankhamun, which has been preserved with the utmost care since its discovery in 1922. The inlaid diadem with vulture and cobra uraeus, discovered in the tomb of Tutankhamun by Howard Carter, is another must-see item. Finally, the emblem of Anubis, which represents a perfect masterpiece of artisanship from the Egyptian New Kingdom, is a stunning example of the museum’s collection.

Old Cairo

Explore the oldest settlement in the region by taking a stroll down this 1-mile (0.6km) stretch of Cairo. This cultural and religious crossroads combines Islamic, Christian, and Jewish histories. Navigate through the warren of narrow streets to discover the first mosque built in Cairo, the Amr Mosque, the ninth-century Ben Ezra Synagogue, and some of the oldest churches in the world, such as the fourth-century Church of St. Sergius or the third-century Hanging Church of the Virgin Mary.

Coptic Cairo

It’s worth exploring beyond the mosques and Pyramids when it comes to learning about the history of Cairo. One such area is Coptic Cairo, also known as mogama’ el adyan. It’s part of the original city centre and pre-dates the founding of Cairo by the Muslim Fatimids. This stronghold of Christianity in Old Cairo is home to some of Egypt’s earliest churches, with some dating back to the 4th century AD. It’s believed that the Holy Family lived here briefly during their flight to Egypt to escape Herod.

If you’re curious about the origin of the term “Coptic,” it refers to Coptic Orthodox Christians, the largest Christian denomination in Egypt and the Middle East. “Copt” originated from the Ancient Egyptian word Hwt-Ka-Ptah, which means “House of the God Ptah.” However, after the Islamic conquest of Egypt in 639 AD, the term “Copt” was associated solely with Coptic Christians.

Church Complex of Old Cairo

Once you enter the Church Complex, you’ll find the remains of the fortress and the big churches on the main path, with the older, smaller churches deeper in the complex. The Coptic cemeteries are located at the back.

As for opening hours, the churches are open from 8 am to 4 pm, and entrance is free. The Coptic Museum is open from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m., with an entrance fee.

Babylon Fortress

While there, visit the Babylon Fortress, one of the first things you’ll see when you enter Coptic Cairo. Built by the Romans around 100 AD during the Ptolemaic era of Ancient Egypt, it was captured by the Arab conquest in 641 AD. Another must-see is the Church of St. George, considered the principal Greek Orthodox church in Egypt. Visitors of all religions are welcome at any time, except the monastery, which is closed to the public. The “Hanging Church,” also known as the Coptic Church of St. Virgin Mary, is another fascinating site. It’s believed to be the first basilica-style church built in Egypt and houses 110 icons, most made of ebony and some inlaid with ivory, the oldest and holiest dating back to the 8th century.

Hanging Church of the Virgin Mary

This rustic church, constructed on the ruins of two old towers from the Fortress of Babylon, boasts heavy doors inlaid with ebony, ivory, and marble pillars. It served as the residence of the Coptic patriarchs of Alexandria and was the venue for synods that determined the celebration date of Easter.

Coptic Museum

The allure of Cairo is greatly attributed to its blend of religions and cultures, and this museum serves as a testament to that fact. Established in 1908, it showcases Coptic art from the earliest days of Christianity in Egypt to the early stages of Islam. The galleries boast sculptures that display traces of the Ptolemaic period, opulent textiles, and entire walls of monastery frescoes. Notably, the first floor houses the oldest book of psalms in the world, the Psalms of David, complete with two original wooden covers.

The Khan el Khalili Bazaar

Experience the vibrant and unfamiliar Medieval Cairo, also known as Islamic Cairo. This historic area boasts magnificent monuments and mosques from the Islamic period, but the true gem is the Khan el Khalili market, established in the 14th century. With many spices, luxurious fabrics, and perfumes, it’s the perfect place to purchase unique souvenirs. Merchants are eager to assist you in finding what you need, so don’t hesitate to haggle for the best price. Join our specially curated 10-day Egypt tour and explore the Khan el Khalili bazaar with a small group of like-minded adventurers.

Cairo Citadel

The Citadel of Sultan Salah al-Din al-Ayyubi (Saladin) is a sight. It’s an impressive fortress that has stood the test of time and remains an iconic monument in Islamic Cairo. The strategic location of the Citadel on the Muqattam Hills was a wise choice for its defensive position, and it still offers visitors an unrestricted panoramic view of Cairo today.

Sultan Salah al-Din al-Ayyubi had ordered the construction of the fortress back in (572 AH/ 1176 AD), but unfortunately, it was not completed during his lifetime. It was finally completed during the reign of Sultan al-Kamel ibn al-Adel (604 AH/1207 AD), who decided to reside in it and made it the official residence of the rulers of Egypt. However, in the mid-nineteenth century, Khedive Ismail moved the official place to Abdeen Palace in downtown Cairo.

The Citadel has witnessed many significant events in Egyptian history, making it a place of great importance. Over the centuries, many monuments have been added to the Citadel, providing visitors with an array of sites to explore, such as the Mosque of Muhammad Ali Pasha, the most notable one. Other places to visit include the mosque of the Mamluk sultan al-Nasir Muhammad ibn Qalawun and the Ottoman-era Sulayman Pasha al-Khadim Mosque. Also, you can see several museums, such as the Police Museum, Al-Jawhara Palace Museum, and the Military Museum. It’s a place that truly captures the essence of Egypt’s rich history and culture.

Mosque of Muhammad Ali

The Citadel of Salah al-Din al-Ayyubi (Saladin) in Cairo is home to the Mosque of Muhammad Ali. Constructed on the site of Mamluk palaces in 1848 AD, it is famously known as the “Alabaster Mosque” due to its marble panelling on the interior and exterior walls. With twin minarets standing 84 meters tall, it boasts the title of the most towering mosque in Egypt.

The mosque’s architecture follows the traditional Turkish style, featuring an open court and prayer hall. The prayer hall is a square area surmounted by a large central dome, accompanied by four semi-domes and four shallow domes in the corners. Two minbars (pulpits) exist within the mosque, one made of wood decorated in green and the other a later addition made of marble.

For those who have visited Hagia Sophia in Istanbul (formerly known as Constantinople), the striking resemblance to the former Greek-Orthodox Church, which is now a famous mosque in Turkey, is intentional. This allusion serves as a nod to the church’s history and significance.

The outer open court houses a copper clock tower, bestowed upon Muhammad Ali Pasha as a gift by Louis Philippe of France in 1845 AD. In return, Muhammad Ali Pasha gifted an obelisk of Ramesses II’s (c.1279–1213 BC), which now stands in Place de la Concorde Square in Paris.

Built primarily of limestone, the mosque’s square plan features a central dome supported by four half domes.

Al-Azhar Mosque

Al-Azhar, built in 970CE, stands out as one of Cairo’s newer mosques. Its Grand Imam holds the highest theological authority among Egyptian Muslims. The building has undergone several expansions over the past 1,000 years, resulting in a harmonious blend of architectural styles. Notably, it boasts three minarets from the 14th, 15th, and 16th centuries, with the central courtyard being the oldest part. Moreover, it is home to the second-oldest university in the world (founded in 988CE). This prestigious institution offers Sunni theology studies and has a large, modern campus.

Cairo Tower

Inaugurated in 1961 as a stylised lotus plant, this tower at 187m (600ft) boasts 360-degree views best enjoyed late in the morning. It is highly preferable to book a table at the Sky Garden cafe one floor below the observation deck for spectacular panoramas during dinner time.

Cruise on the Nile

A trip to Cairo is simply incomplete without experiencing the mighty Nile. While there are options like floating restaurants, nightclubs, and cruise boats, none compare to the rewarding and relaxing river experience on a felucca. As the call to prayer echoes around Cairo at dusk, seize the opportunity to board one of these traditional sailing boats and relish in the marvellous serenity that only the Nile can offer. Salling down the same river Cleopatra did so many centuries ago is truly a treat.

Grand Egyptian Museum

The Grand Egyptian Museum has been a long-awaited project, facing many delays for various reasons. However, it is heartening to know that the museum will finally open its doors to the public later this year, in 2023. The museum, located outside of Cairo, will house over 100,000 ancient artefacts, including the entire treasure collection of King Tut.

The construction of this grand museum started over a decade ago, and after several setbacks during the COVID-19 pandemic, it is now ready to welcome visitors. The installation of approximately 100,000 artefacts, including 3,000 from the tomb of Tutankhamun, is expected to be completed by the end of 2021.

It is heartwarming to see the care and respect given to the mummified remains of the 22 pharaohs during their transfer to the National Museum of Egyptian Civilization. The “Pharaohs’ Golden Parade” was a beautiful tribute to these ancient rulers, complete with performers, light displays, and a marching band. The mummies were transported in trucks decorated to look like ancient boats, and a 21-gun salute accompanied the journey across the city.

Design

The Grand Egyptian Museum is a remarkable feat of architecture and design. It is impressive that the museum is spread across 490,000 square metres. Visitors will be treated to panoramic views of the Giza pyramids and an enormous Ramses the Great statue in the atrium. Additionally, the museum will house 87 statues of pharaohs and Egyptian gods, 28 shops, ten restaurants, a conference centre, and a cinema.

The museum’s star attraction will be all 5,600 objects from the tomb of King Tutankhamun, including his outer coffin and two inner coffins. The Tutankhamun galleries and the replica of his burial will be more than 60 times the size of the original tomb. The Grand Egyptian Museum is expected to receive 2 to 3 million visitors in its first year of opening and up to 8 million in the longer term.

It is a testament to the Egyptian government’s commitment to preserving its rich history and culture. The National Museum of Egyptian Civilization is now fully open to the public, allowing visitors to explore and learn more about Egypt’s fascinating past.

National Museum of Egyptian Civilization

The NMEC is the first in Egypt and the Arab world. It presents the full range of the richness and diversity of Egyptian civilisation throughout the ages, from prehistoric times to the present day. The exhibition focuses on the continuity and stability of the ancient Egyptian culture as demonstrated by its tangible and intangible heritage.

The museum’s exceptional collection includes the royal mummies, exhibited in a new interactive display using 21st-century cutting-edge technology to go beneath the wrappings and reveal their secrets. It also sheds light on the rituals and religious beliefs surrounding mummification in ancient Egypt.

The NMEC is genuinely a remarkable museum, not just in Egypt but in all of the Arab world. It offers a comprehensive look at Egyptian civilisation’s diverse and rich history, spanning thousands of years from prehistoric to modern times. The museum’s focus on the continuity and stability of Egypt’s tangible and intangible heritage is truly inspiring. The royal mummies are among the most fascinating exhibits, and the new interactive display using cutting-edge technology is simply amazing. It allows visitors to see beneath the wrappings and learn more about the rituals and beliefs surrounding mummification in ancient Egypt.

Overall, the NMEC is a true treasure and a testament to the enduring legacy of this incredible civilisation.

Step Pyramid Complex of Djoser

The Step Pyramid of Djoser in Saqqara is undoubtedly one of the most remarkable monuments in Egypt. It marks a significant turning point in the history of ancient Egyptian funerary architecture, introducing stone construction and revolutionary burial practices for the royals. Apart from its grandeur and impressive size, it is the first pyramid ever built by the ancient Egyptians and the oldest known stone structure in Egypt.

The age of the Step Pyramid is astounding, dating back to the early Third Dynasty, during the reign of King Netjerykhet, commonly known as Djoser. Before his time, the elite Egyptians were buried in mastabas, rectangular structures erected above underground tombs. However, Djoser’s pyramid comprises six stacked mastabas, creating the unique stepped effect that is still admirable today. Imhotep, the pyramid architect, is credited with this remarkable innovation.

One exciting feature of Djoser’s pyramid complex is the South Tomb at one end of the structure. This tomb has served as a symbolic tomb for the king, perhaps reflecting his role as the dual king of Upper and Lower Egypt.

Djoser’s pyramid complex also boasts some exceptional elements. The two courts in front of the pyramid were designed to recreate the setting of the Sed Festival. This practice was a royal ceremony to rejuvenate the king and regenerate his power. The structures on the side of the eastern court resemble the ephemeral shrines used in this festival, ensuring that the king could continue to be rejuvenated forever.

It is fascinating to learn about the historical significance of the Step Pyramid, and we can only imagine the effort and dedication put into constructing such a magnificent structure.

Memphis and its Necropolis

It is heartwarming to learn that Memphis, near the modern village of Mit Rahina, not far from Cairo, and its cemetery were added to UNESCO’s World Heritage List in 1979. The ancient city of Memphis, said to have been founded by the legendary first king of Egypt, Menes, in 3100 BC, holds great significance due to its historical importance. It was the capital during the Early Dynastic Period (c.3100–2686 BC) and Old Kingdom (c.2686–2181 BC). It remained one of the most important cities throughout more than three thousand years of ancient Egyptian history. The city was also a centre for worshipping the god Ptah, with his Temple being one of the most revered places in ancient Egypt. Interestingly, the origin of the word “Egypt”, from Greek Aigyptos, comes from the Temple’s old name, Hikuptah,” the Temple of the ka (‘soul’) of Ptah”.

The city’s rich cultural heritage is evident by the many ancient cemeteries in its area, which reflects the city’s longevity. These include Abu Rawash, the Giza Plateau; the site of the three world-famous Pyramids of Giza, Zawyet al-‘Aryan, Abu Ghurab, Abusir, Saqqara, Mit Rahina, and Dahshur. It’s fascinating to see how Memphis has stood the test of time. And it’s no wonder it’s been deemed a World Heritage Site.

Experience the Siwa Atmosphere

Experience the thrill of the safari life and the beauty of camping while discovering the lifestyle of the Egyptian Oases with our Desert Safari tours in Egypt. Book now for one of the best Egypt Day Tours, our two-day White Desert Tour from Cairo. This exciting tour will take you to the highlights of Bahariya Oasis before returning to Cairo. You’ll have the opportunity to explore fascinating ancient sites like the Bannentiu tomb and spend a night camping in the unique White Desert.

Immerse yourself in the serene atmosphere as silence soothes your spirit with our Egypt Trips. Witness the mesmerising desert landscapes and the lush green date palm groves of Bahariya. Get ready for an exhilarating ride through the Black Desert in a land cruiser with our Egypt tour packages, named so due to the remnants of an ancient volcano that created its distinctive black rocky terrain.

What One may expect from the Siwa Tour

All transport services from your hotel in Cairo and return, camping in the White Desert for one night on a full board basis. Admission fees to all mentioned sites are included. All camping equipment, like your sleeping bags, warm camel covers, and spacious private tents for sleeping. Transports to Bahariya Oasis by an air-conditioned vehicle during the two-day safari to the White Desert and Bahariya Oasis.

All the carriers inside Bahariya Oasis and the White Desert are done by 4×4 vehicles. An accredited Egyptologist guide will accompany you during your Cairo day tours, meals at the hotels mentioned in the itinerary, and bottles of water and soft drinks during all Egypt trips. All sightseeing from Cairo day tours are done privately by Landious Travel. This tour also includes service charges and taxes in the tour prices. An English tour leader will also be provided.

Itinerary of the Siwa Tour

Meet up with your expert Egyptologist guide and begin your White Desert Tour from Cairo, including the Bahariya Oasis. We will escort you by a modern air-conditioned vehicle to Bahariya Oasis, about four hours from Cairo.

Next, we will take you to a delicious Egyptian cuisine lunch in an Oasis-style restaurant, which should be a unique experience. After that, we will travel to the White Desert to enjoy a memorable White Desert Safari in Cairo. Along the way, we will see the Valley of El Haize to the south of the oasis, and maybe we’ll stop to see the water spring there if there is enough time. It’s a green village in the middle of the desert, preceding the black desert.

We will also stop to see the quartz crystal formations from a remote era at Crystal Mountain and the beautiful shapes and petrified wood in the Valley of Agabat. There, you will be thrilled by sandboarding down the massive dunes. We will enjoy camping in the White Desert with a unique opportunity to witness a fantastic sunset view while your local guides cook your dinner.

Camping in the Desert

Spend your night watching the spectacular stars away from the pollution of the bigger cities. The following day, you will wake up to the most beautiful scene of the rising sun in the White Desert.

On the 2nd day of your Cairo Excursions, we will serve you breakfast in the White Desert while enjoying the fantastic atmosphere. Then, you will resume your Cairo Day Tours to see the creations of the surrounding desert and springs. And catch some photos of the gorgeous white limestone rocks in the area, like the chicken formation, the rock that looks like the Sphinx, the whale carved into the rock, and the rabbit-like hill. After that, we will escort you to Cairo, passing by the Black Desert, an area of charming mountains covered with small black volcanic rocks.

Before returning to Cairo, we will stop in Bahariya to visit the salt lake and see the fruit gardens and the beautiful dunes. Then, we will start our almost 4 hours drive back to your Cairo hotel.

Ready for an unforgettable adventure in Sharm el Sheikh, the scuba diving and resort town capital of Egypt’s Red Sea region? Hold on to your hats because I’ve got the ultimate travel guide for you! Get ready to discover the most amazing things to do in Sharm el Sheikh, and make your stay in this paradise one for the books!

Prepare to be amazed by the world-class coral reefs as you dive into the deep blue sea. Or, if you’re feeling daring, head to the South Sinai Desert for an epic raw adventure. With plenty of fun and unique activities and attractions, you’ll never run out of things to do in Sharm el Sheikh. No time to waste; let’s get this adventure started!

Activities & Things to Do in Sharm El Sheikh

Scuba Diving in Sharm El Sheikh

Sharm el Sheikh is a popular destination for those who love diving. The area boasts fantastic dive sites due to its location at the southernmost point of the Sinai Peninsula. The Red Sea splits into two gulfs, the Gulf of Aqaba, and the Gulf of Suez, providing the coral reefs with abundant nutrients to support healthy marine ecosystems.

Visitors can explore some of the best dive sites in the area, including Yolanda and Shark Reef at Ras Mohammad National Park, which offers the opportunity to see large pelagics, schooling fish, and sharks. The Straits of Tiran also offer four sites: Gordon, Thomas, Woodhouse, and Jackson Reef. In these diving sites, divers can enjoy healthy corals, big schools of fish, manta rays and sharks. The local dive site, Temple, boasts an impressive pinnacle with plenty of coral and marine life, while Ras Nasrani offers a fantastic coral garden.

In addition to these fantastic dive sites, Sharm el Sheikh offers some of the world’s top wreck dives, such as the SS Thistlegorm wreck and the 1876 Dunraven wreck.

Petra By Bus & Ferry Day Tour From Sharm El Sheikh

The Jordanian Petra is an unparalleled travel destination that must be experienced. With its magnificent archaeological ruins, stunning mountainous backdrop, and fascinating history, Petra is a world-renowned site that cannot be missed. Despite its unfamiliar reputation, the true story of Petra is even more incredible, and there are still many untold stories waiting to be discovered. It is important to note that only 15 per cent of the vast site has been explored by archaeologists.

The excursion itinerary offers a comprehensive and unforgettable experience for those interested in visiting Petra. You will travel to Taba port and take a two-and-a-half-hour bus ride through the breathtaking Sinai desert and mountain of AL Aqaba golf. From there, you will take a ferry across Aqaba Gulf and arrive in Jordan around 8:45 am. After a two-hour drive, you will arrive in Petra and meet your English-speaking guide to begin your adventure.

During the tour of Petra, you will be amazed by the incredible wealth of art and architecture on display. Petra is truly a marvel of ancient civilisation, from the elaborately carved Treasury to the remarkable feat of urban planning that was the Nabataean capital. You will also have the opportunity to explore the Canyon of Siq, the Treasury of Pharaoh, the Roman Theater, and Al-Habis Fort, all while enjoying lunch at an excellent local restaurant.

Don’t miss your chance to experience Petra in all its glory. Book our excursion now and prepare for a journey you will never forget.

Boat Trip To Ras Mohammad National Park

If you are planning a trip to Egypt and love exploring marine life, then Ras Mohammad is a must-visit destination. This nature reserve, spread over 480 km² (185 mi²), is a no-take zone and home to some of the most diverse marine species in the Red Sea.

For those visiting Sharm el Sheikh, I highly recommend taking a scuba diving or snorkelling boat trip to this underwater paradise. If you have some extra time, do not miss the opportunity to visit the Shark Observatory cliff top, which provides stunning views of both sides of the Red Sea.

If you are a passionate diver, I suggest you explore the southern edge of Ras Mohammed and dive into the Shark Reef and Yolanda. This dive site is the best and is where the Gulf of Aqaba and Suez Gulf waters come together. So, pack your bags and get ready for an unforgettable underwater adventure!

Tour to Ras Mohammed National Park by Bus

Have you ever been on a daily tour of the most beautiful site in the world? If not, you should check out the Ras Mohammed National Park in Egypt. The pick-up from your hotel starts between 8-9 am, depending on your location. Once you’re there, you’ll be amazed by the rich marine life protected in the park. With over 130 types of coral reefs and more than 1000 fish species, diving and snorkelling enthusiasts will be in paradise!

But that’s not all! You’ll also get to see the unique mangrove trees that grow directly from the salty water of the Red Sea – the only sea in the northern hemisphere where these trees can be found. And there’s more! You’ll also get to see the earth crack and the Magic Lake, which is said to have magical properties. The tour includes a stop at the most famous beaches for refreshing and snorkelling. Sounds incredible, right? You will be back at your hotel by 2 o’clock. So, what are you waiting for? Book your tour now and experience the wonders of Ras Mohamed National Park!

Sunrise Hike To Mount Sinai

Deep in the South Sinai Desert lies the renowned Mount Sinai, also known as Mount Moussa or Jepel Mousa. Many scholars believe it is the biblical Mount Sinai, where God delivered the Ten Commandments to Moses in the Old Testament. No wonder this sacred mountain holds immense significance for all Abrahamic faiths, including Islam, Judaism, and Christianity.

A sunrise hike up Mount Sinai is an incredible experience you shouldn’t miss in Sharm el Sheikh. It was one of my favourites in Sinai, and I would highly recommend it to anyone!

Trip to Saint Catherine’s Monastery

At the base of Mount Sinai lies a genuinely historic and awe-inspiring place of worship, the St. Catherine’s Monastery.

It’s a genuinely fascinating destination and undoubtedly one of the top spots from Sharm el Sheikh. Not only is the monastery itself a sight to behold, but the treasures held within offer a glimpse into the past that’s simply unforgettable.

The pages from the Codex Sinaiticus and the Syriac Sinaiticus, some of the oldest bible texts, are a true marvel to behold, as are the many Christian icons on display. And if that wasn’t enough, many believe that the Burning Bush from biblical times still grows in the monastery’s courtyard!

Thankfully, most visitors combine a Saint Catherine’s Monastery trip with a sunrise hike up Mount Sinai. This way, you can experience two of Sharm el Sheikh’s most incredible attractions in one fell swoop!

Trip to Tiran National Park

On a crystal-clear day in Sharm el Sheikh, you might notice the stunning mountainous island to the northeast. This is Tiran Island, and while it is not open for visitors, it is home to some of the most remarkable coral reefs in Egypt and many fish species. The locals affectionately refer to this coral expanse as the Straits of Tiran. This is a fantastic place to spend a day exploring the wonderful underwater world of the Red Sea, whether through snorkelling or scuba diving.

Day Trip To Cairo & The Great Pyramids Of Giza

If you’re looking forward to exploring the Red Sea region and visiting some of Egypt’s most important landmarks, there’s good news!

One of the most popular day trips from Sharm el Sheikh is a long day tour to Cairo. This is an affordable and convenient way to see as many attractions as possible without taking away your precious time by the sea.

We’ve provided two options below: the main archaeological sites, such as the Great Pyramids of Giza, the Sphinx, and a tour of the Egyptian Museum.

Both options are incredibly budget-friendly, cover all transportation and fees, and eliminate the stress of planning your itinerary.

Dive the SS Thistlegorm

For those looking for a unique and thrilling experience, scuba diving is one of the popular Sharm el Sheikh activities. However, there are also plenty of surface activities to enjoy. While compiling a list of things to do in the area, it would be remiss not to include the SS Thistlegorm dive.

This particular dive is well-known among divers as one of the most impressive wreck sites in the world. The wreck of this massive 125 m (145 ft) World War II cargo steamship is remarkably well-preserved and can be explored at a comfortable recreational depth of around 30 meters.

Inside the ship, divers can view a range of military cargo that has been remarkably preserved. These include light weaponry, an anti-aircraft gun, locomotives, vehicles, and motorbikes.

Quad Biking in Sharm El Sheikh

Get ready for an unforgettable adventure! We’ll pick you up from your hotel and whisk you to the Motor Bike centre, just 15 minutes away. After a quick safety briefing, it’s time to rev those engines and hit the open road!

Follow your tour escort as you speed across the stunning deserts that surround Sharm El Sheikh. Feel the wind in your hair and the adrenaline pumping through your veins as you zoom across the Sinai Mountains and open plains.

All that action will satisfy quite a thirst, but don’t worry – we’ve got you covered. Stop off at an authentic Bedouin Tent for some complimentary Egyptian tea.

Whether you ride solo or with a partner, this thrilling experience will leave you with memories that will last a lifetime. It’s no wonder that even our Landious Travel staff can’t resist coming along for the ride – purely for professional reasons!

For an extra special treat, why not experience the magic of the desert at sunrise or sunset? Quad biking over the golden sands as the rest of Sharm El Sheikh is just waking up or getting ready for a night out is a truly enchanting experience. Don’t miss out!

Sunset on a Rooftop Terrace in Naama Bay

After a day filled with activities like diving, snorkelling, or exploring the beautiful Sharm el Sheikh attractions, finding a peaceful spot to relax and unwind is important. One of the best places to do so is Camel Bar & Rooftop in Naama Bay.

Here, you can enjoy a cold Sakara with stunning 360-degree views. The sight of the palm trees on the shore of the Red Sea and the sun setting behind the Sinai Mountains is breathtaking. It’s the perfect way to end a busy day and recharge your batteries.

Day Trip to Dahab & the Blue Hole

If you’re looking for a quieter and more laid-back destination near Sharm el Sheikh, consider visiting Dahab. This coastal city attracts kite surfers, scuba divers, and backpackers. One of its famous attractions is the Dahab Blue Hole, which is perfect for snorkelling and scuba diving.

You can also explore the fantastic Blue Lagoon and its many stunning canyons with unique rock formations. There’s so much to see and do in Dahab; we highly recommend spending a few days here.

However, if you’re short on time, it’s still possible to experience the highlights of Dahab on a day trip from Sharm el Sheikh, including a visit to the Blue Hole. We understand that time can be limited, but we hope you’ll still be able to enjoy the beauty of this beautiful destination.

Sinai Desert Dune Buggy Safari

Exploring the Red Sea region is an unforgettable experience that goes beyond its breathtaking marine life. One of the most captivating aspects of this area is the South Sinai Desert, which boasts a unique beauty and charm.

If you find yourself strolling along the bustling streets of Na’aama Bay or Sharm al-Maya, you may come across offers for desert excursions. These typically include camel rides, quad bike tours, or dune buggy safaris.

For those interested in immersing themselves in Bedouin culture, I’ve provided a link to a popular and affordable tour that takes you to a local village. This adventure includes a thrilling quad bike ride and a peaceful camel trek.

Sharm El Sheikh City Tour

Many travellers flock to the vibrant city of Sharm el Sheikh for its remarkable diving spots, luxurious hotels, and lively entertainment scene. However, it’s worth noting that this city has been a destination for thousands of years, thanks to its strategic location on the trade route between Africa and Asia. Known as the Bay of Sheiks, Sharm el Sheikh is also called the City of Peace because of the many peace conferences held here. During your visit, you’ll have the opportunity to witness the city’s religious harmony, impressive blend of ancient and modern architecture, and daily Egyptian life that many tourists miss.

Hay Al-Noor (Al Nour district)

Our initial destination in the city is the al-Noor district, where we will have the opportunity to explore the Heavenly Cathedral. This impressive Catholic cathedral, constructed over a decade ago, boasts breathtaking architecture and stunning murals depicting biblical scenes. Your guide will also provide you with valuable insights into the history of Christianity in Egypt.

Next on our itinerary in Al-Noor is the Al-Mostafa Mosque, where your guide will offer an overview of the mosque’s style and architecture and an introduction to the Islamic faith.

Al-Fanar lighthouse

The Al-Fanar lighthouse, situated at the brink of Om El Sid Hill, is where one can witness some of the most awe-inspiring sights of the Sharm coastline and the Gulf of Aqaba. It’s a spot where we can take a break, unwind and bask in the beauty of the surroundings. Additionally, a touching peace memorial here is designed artistically and serves as an ideal backdrop for a memorable photograph.

Old Market in Old Town

If you have a few days to spare on the Red Sea, you might consider visiting the Sharm el Sheikh Old Town, also known as Old Market. It’s a charming place that has preserved much of its original character.

Stroll along the streets, peruse the market stalls, and indulge in mouth-watering food such as falafel and koshari.

Sahaba Mosque

Visiting the Al Mustafa Mosque and the Sahaba Mosque is essential when exploring the Red Sea. The impressive architecture of the relatively new Al Mustafa Mosque, featuring two towering minarets and a huge central dome, will leave you in awe. The mosque shines at night and is a breathtaking sight to see. The Sahaba Mosque, also relatively new, is hard to miss when wandering through the Old Market. Its beautiful Ottoman architecture and impressive light display are worth admiring.

Water Sports

It’s important to know that there’s more to water activities in Sharm el Sheikh than just what’s below the surface. There are plenty of options for those who prefer to stay above water!

If you’re looking for recreational activities, various options, like parasailing, banana boat trips, and tubing, are available. Many tour operators can help you organise these activities in popular tourist areas such as Na’aama Bay.

If you want to try different water sports, you can save money by booking an adventure package. This way, you can experience various water activities and maximise your time in Sharm.

Day Trip to Luxor

If you plan to travel to Egypt, it is essential to note that the country’s most significant historical sites are in southern Upper Egypt.

For those staying in Sharm el Sheikh, booking a day tour to Luxor by plane is possible. Remember that this will be a full day of exploration, but it’s a convenient option for those who want to make the most of their time in Egypt. We hope you have a wonderful and fulfilling trip!

Star Gazing in the Sinai Desert

Are you aware that the Sinai Desert offers a phenomenal stargazing experience? This experience is remarkable because the desert region receives minimal light pollution except for a few small coastal resort towns.

If you’re an avid hiker, you can take a sunrise hike to Mount Sinai to enjoy this breathtaking view. However, if hiking isn’t your cup of tea, you can still savour this experience on a stargazing quad bike safari tour with a traditional Bedouin dinner.

Travellers to Egypt look forward to enjoying the sun and having fun trips. Egypt is also a country where the sun plays a far more critical role than elsewhere, even from a historical perspective. The Egyptians were one of the first people to know how to use solar energy. The ancient Egyptian sun god Ra-Horakhty was probably the most important and filled entire history books and ultimately resulted in the cult of the sun. And every 22nd of February and 22nd of October, the sun miracle of Abu-Simbel takes place in the rock temple of Ramses II; near the Sudanese border, the sun shines over meters deep into the temple complex and illuminates the back statues only on these days.

Sun and Fun Trips in Hurghada

Hurghada offers several trips to enjoy the sun and have fun. You will discover islands and the underwater world.

Orange Bay Full-Day Snorkelling Trip

Enjoy a day at sea and some fun at Orange Bay, part of the small Giftun Island. The Orange Bay trip starts with hotel pick-up, and once on the boat, you will sail to the island. On your way, you stop for snorkelling and to enjoy the beautiful marine life of the Red Sea and its reefs. If you are in luck, you can even spot Dolphins. Delight yourself with a typical lunch, cooked specially for you on the boat, by the experienced crew; believe me, You want to try that! Soft drinks are included on board. Once on the island, relax, chill, take pictures and create lifetime memories. On your way back, you will finish your tour with some adrenaline by enjoying aqua sports like a banana boat and a water mattress ride.

Mahmya Island Full-Day Snorkelling Trip

Home to the most beautiful and diverse reefs of Giftun Island. Called by the Egyptian Caribbean or the Egyptian Maldives, Mahmya, part of the Natural Reserve of the Giftun Islands in the Red Sea, is the most beautiful Giftun beach. Mahmya will delight you with spectacular views, fantastic snorkelling and quality chill-out time in this slice of paradise.

Pick up at the hotel and drive to the port. Sail to the island whilst enjoying the breeze of the red sea and look out for Dolphins. They show up almost all the time. Relax and sunbathe on the white sands of paradisic island. When you’re ready, put on your swimming gear. Meet the professional snorkelling team, who will take you to the most amazing underwater sites, where your guide will share valuable tips on snorkelling and facts about marine life. Jump into the water and admire.

Get back to the island for a delicious lunch buffet at the island restaurant. Soft drinks are included with the lunch only. Relax a bit longer on the island before heading back to Hurghada; relax on board and take in the spectacular view of the sea and the sun rays on the water.

Full-Day Snorkelling Trip to Paradise Island

Paradise Island is an exotic escape that will change your idea of a perfect day in the Red Sea and give you memories that will last forever. Experience the Caribbean flair on one of the Red Sea islands, accompanied by fine food, great music and a fun crowd.

Board the boat and enjoy a refreshing sea breeze. Make a stop for snorkelling for around 60 min and marvel at the beauty of the red sea marine life. Sail to the island, where you will have lunch in the open buffet, including one soft drink. Rest and relax on the island, where a brief traditional dance show will be held. What a fantastic trip to enjoy the sun and have fun!

Submarine Experience in Hurghada

Take the opportunity to see the underwater world of the Red Sea without getting wet on this submarine experience in Hurghada. Perfect for families and anyone who doesn’t swim, the adventure takes you 25 meters below the waves in a 44-passenger state-of-the-art submarine with 18 panoramic windows. Climb aboard, then relax and gaze out at the marine world, alive with swaying coral reefs, exotic reef fish and other colourful marine life.

Snorkelling and Diving Boat Trip with Lunch

Discover the colourful life just below the surface of the water when you are snorkelling in the Red Sea or dive deep for 20 minutes with the diving instructor during a boat day trip from Hurghada to an island. At two beautiful stops, you experience snorkelling in the Red Sea, and at an Island, you can snorkel along the reefs and see colourful life in the water. On board, you will enjoy a tasty buffet lunch, soft drinks and mineral water.

Enjoy the convenience of pick-up from your accommodation on your way to the boat for your day trip snorkel tour to Paradise Island. Experience how relaxing it is on the boat’s deck, enjoying the sun and the beautiful view. During the first stop at sea, you will discover the colourful life below the water’s surface. You can choose at which stop you want to go 20 minutes diving with the instructor.

After enjoying the buffet lunch on board, head to an Island. Here you can spend 2 hours snorkelling and exploring the beauty of the reefs and the beautiful colourful life underwater.

Afterwards, you can relax on board, enjoying the sun, while the boat goes to another area for a second snorkel stop at sea. Also, here you will experience the fantastic underwater world with various fish.

Snorkelling and Relaxing Trip to Sharm El Naga Bay

El-Naga is famous for its crystal-clear waters and stunning coral reefs. It is a fantastic place to spend the day relaxing on the beautiful beach and exploring the underwater world of wildlife, including fish and turtles.

Enjoy a full day of fun on the beach of Sharm el-Naga, sunbathing or snorkelling in its crystal waters.

Dolphin House Hurghada

Relax on board the dolphin house Hurghada boat trip and top up your tan as you go to different areas to swim in the Hurghada reef. The Dolphin House trip will provide you with snorkelling equipment to get up close to colourful coral gardens and resident fish with a dolphin. It is one of the most incredible sun and fun trips in Hurghada! Enjoy music when you cruise from one spot to the next in snorkelling with dolphins house Hurghada.

Re-energize with a delicious lunch of beef, calamari, rice with shrimp and salads, served on deck at the halfway point dolphin house Hurghada. Take part in fun water sports activities, including a banana boat ride and water games. Wash it all down with complimentary soft drinks.

Discover the underwater world onboard a Semi Submarine in Hurghada

There is a way to see the underwater life of the Red Sea without getting wet! You will climb on board a comfy Semi submarine – an ingenious glass-sided boat with a deep hull – and be whisked three meters under the surface right into the middle of the aquatic action. It is just a matter of sitting on the observation deck and gazing through the panoramic windows onto the sea-life show—staring at tropically hued clownfish, batfish and triggerfish. Look out for slinky eels and rays. And check out swaying sea grass, starfish and rainbow-bright reefs. It is like looking into a stunning aquarium – but it is the real deal. After gazing at the fish and coral, you will have around three hours on board, with an opportunity to jump in the sea and see it all for yourself. You can also have a dip and a relaxing swim.

Hurghada is the ideal spot for a perfect place to relax and soak up the sun. Hurghada experiences open the gate to making unforgettable experiences. Here, you can find plenty of excursions, including immersing yourself in the ancient sights and enjoying the stunning views. You can also spend your time swimming in the clear waters or taking a day trip to one of the nearby villages. Whatever you choose to do, make sure to enjoy yourself in this beautiful destination! Here are some of the best things to do in Hurghada to get you started.

Hurghada Experiences in Cairo

Cairo’s frenetic energy hits you as soon as you leave the airport and plunge into weaving four-lane traffic (along with the occasional donkey and cart). Hectic, hot and noisy, the city is at its best in the evening. This is when locals flock to food stands, shisha-perfumed coffeehouses, and the Khan el-Khalili souq alleyways.

Explore the Museum of Egyptian Antiquities

Cairo’s Museum of Egyptian Antiquities helped me to put into context the Ancient Egyptian ruins that I went on to see and the complex system of beliefs surrounding them, such as the rise and fall of sun worship.

Housed in a pink colonial building near Tahrir Square, the museum holds around 100,000 artefacts. Its most renowned exhibits include the contents of the tomb of Tutankhamun, excavated by Howard Carter in the 1920s. Notably, the young pharaoh’s death mask, which glints with gold and bright blue lapis lazuli, is on display.

I strongly recommend visiting the museum with an Egyptologist as your guide. They can help you navigate the masses of pottery, art, jewels, mummies and statues (objects are rarely labelled). They will also take you to some of the lesser-known displays. I was fascinated to see the life-like statue of the priest Ka-Aper, the tools and weights used to build the pyramids, and mummified animals — not only cats (which were seen as sacred) but monkeys and crocodiles.

Wander the streets of old Cairo

The citadel, a fortified area of Cairo, has panoramic views of the city with the Pyramids of Giza in the background. Make sure to visit the Mohammed Ali mosque — a vast, alabaster, Ottoman-era building with spindly minarets. No longer used for a place of worship, once you step inside into the circle of trailing gold and glass lamps, it’s an instant sanctuary from Cairo’s packed streets below.

I had the same sensation when I walked into the mosaic-lined entryway to the Hanging Church — so-called because its nave is built over the city’s Roman water gate, so it looks suspended in mid-air.

The Church is in Coptic Cairo, the oldest and calmest area of the city where Egypt’s early Christians, the Copts, first settled. They still live here today, along with the city’s Jewish community. I like wandering this district’s maze of narrow, twisting, mostly car-free streets filled with the smell of baking flatbread while residents quietly go about their day.

See the Pyramids at Giza, Saqqara and Dahshur

Egypt has three main pyramid fields. Saqqara, the oldest site, was the cemetery of Egypt’s ancient capital, Memphis, and contains the earliest pyramid — the stepped pyramid of the pharaoh Zoser. Dahshur, a 50-minute drive from Cairo, takes pyramid construction to the next stage with its partially successful attempt at a true pyramid. In contrast, the pyramid design was perfected in the three great pyramids at Giza.

You can visit all three pyramid sites on a full-day tour with a driver and guide. I suggest starting with Dahshur and working your way back toward Giza via Saqqara. This way, you’ll understand how pyramid architecture progressed over time.

Dahshur’s ‘Bent Pyramid’ is a somewhat quirky sight with sides that change angle halfway up. It does give you an idea of how the pyramids would have looked initially, as much of its limestone cladding is intact. Nearby is the red limestone structure of the Red Pyramid, Pharaoh Snofru’s successful attempt.

Saqqara, Egypt

Moving on to Saqqara, you enter a vast site with mastabas, burial chambers pre-dating the pyramids with flat-roofed stone tombs, and the stepped pyramid. Dahshur and Saqqara are considerably less busy than Giza, and you can take them in at your own pace.

If you’re interested in venturing inside a pyramid, I’d suggest doing it at the Bent Pyramid in Dahshur, where crowds are unlikely.

I climbed back through the entranceway until I reached a walkway that led deeper into the pyramid, the musty smell of stale air washing over me. Eventually, I got the central burial chamber with its empty granite sarcophagus. The room was surprisingly small, and the slightest sound echoed. The passageway continued, eventually leading me to a higher point where I could look over the chamber and see the individual blocks of stone that made up the pyramid’s outer wall.

Arriving at Giza for the first time, I worried that the crowd-swamped Pyramids would be an anticlimax. They weren’t. The best way to appreciate them is to stand at the base of the Great Pyramid of Cheops, taking in its scale. You can’t help but wonder at the toil and architectural skill involved. Each limestone block is twice the size of a grown man.

Hurghada Experiences on Nile Cruise

The Pyramids aside, many of Ancient Egypt’s most important archaeological sites are clustered around the Nile. A Nile riverboat cruise from Luxor to Aswan is a relaxing and convenient way to visit these places.

Cruising the world’s longest river is an experience in itself. Sitting on the deck, as you depart from Luxor, you’ll see the riverbank landscapes gradually transform from urban sprawl to desert dunes. Then scrubby vegetation gives way to papyrus reeds, tropical forests and farmland that benefits from the Nile’s fertile silt.

The river is wide and busy. As you pass through locks, sellers swarm to the boat’s sides, trying to do business with you and your fellow passengers. Yet you’ll also pass through many quieter stretches where the only other river users are fishermen stringing out nets from their small crafts.

Hurghada Experiences in Luxor

Luxor is a modern Egyptian city but cocooned within its roads and shops lies a massive temple complex dedicated to the Ancient Egyptian god Amun, his wife and his son, a moon god. You’ll find towering, wide columns adorned with hieroglyphs, an obelisk, and the colossi that sit like guards at the temple’s entrance. I particularly like going there at night, when the central arcade and figures are lit up, and the air is more relaxed.

Karnak Temple, also located in Luxor, is even more significant and was once linked to Luxor Temple by a sphinx-lined avenue. Several pharaohs added to and developed Karnak over time, making it an architectural multi-layering of different shrines and hieroglyphic inscriptions. Walking through the hypostyle hall, you’re dwarfed by 21 m (69 ft) tall columns.

Enter the tombs in the Valley of the Kings

At first sight, this fabled necropolis looks unpresumptuous — a stark, rocky desert valley with tombs carved into cliff faces. But as you descend into the burial chambers of pharaohs like Hatshepsut and Ramses II, you’re confronted with detailed wall paintings and hieroglyphics in vivid reds, blues, greens and yellows.

My guide helped me to study the frescoes of different gods and unpack the symbolism of figures like scarab beetles and the scenes from the Book of the Dead that were meant to guide the tombs’ inhabitants through the afterlife.

Hurghada Experiences in Aswan

Your cruise will generally end in Aswan, a pretty, sleepy town. Here the Nile meets the Sahara Desert, and wooden felucca boats thread their way between huge boulders in the river.

The town’s Nubian Museum is one of Egypt’s lesser-known collections and an absolute hidden delight. Laid-out exhibits detail the history of the Nubian people who lived in southern Egypt. Many Nubian villages were flooded and lost after the creation of Lake Nasser, and the museum’s photographic display gives you an idea of what they looked like.

Nubian homes built using traditional mud brick to create vaulted structures can be found on Aswan’s Elephantine Island, and Nubian culture is still very much alive in Aswan today. I enjoyed traditional Nubian cuisine, such as meats served in spicy stews.

Choose a Nile cruise

Many Nile riverboats resemble cruise ships. Some are equipped with facilities like swimming pools and spas. One intimate option is Dahabiyya, a traditional Nile passenger boat with sails and several berths. While facilities are more straightforward on these vessels, they can dock at other points on the Nile close to the larger ships, such as village ports, although this may change depending on the tide or weather conditions. Some are so small that the only people watching you disembark are local children playing by the river.

Hurghada Experiences in Abu Simbel

You can visit the Sun Temple of Abu Simbel from Aswan. Getting there means an early-morning six-hour round drive in convoy through the desert, but it’s worth the 3 am wake-up call. Not only do you see the sunrise over the desert, but for me, this site comes close to the Valley of the Kings for spectacle. The four monumental statues of Ramses II that were originally gouged from a mountainside are 21 m (69 ft) high and stare impassively south to ward off the Nubians.

Equally impressive is that they were transported and reconstructed 210 m (689 ft) behind the original site. An on-site museum explains how UNESCO achieved this and salvaged the temple complex to save it from the rising waters of nearby Lake Nasser.

Look out for graffiti on the statues scratched by visiting Napoleonic soldiers.

Experience Eygpt’s Red Sea

Hurghada’s experiences are remarkable. The diving and snorkelling, however, are great. Hurghada has some excellent wreck dives and the opulent Oberoi Sahl Hasheesh — the outstanding hotel in Hurghada for me – has its dive hub. Overall, these beach resorts are ideal for kicking back for a few days at the end of your trip.